10th Science / Chapter - 1 Laws of Motion One Mark Question & Answer Key EM

 


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Chapter -1 LAW OF MOTION
லில்

1. Choose the correct Answer          

2. Fill in the blanks
3. True or False
4. Match The Following
5. Assertion & Reason
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CHAPTER - 1 : LAW OF MOTION                  

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.

Inertia of a body depends on:                                               

(a) weight of the object
(b) acceleration due to gravity of the planet
(c) mass of the object
(d) both (a) & (b)

Answer:
(c) mass of the object

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Question 2.

Impulse is equals to ______ .

(a) rate of change of momentum
(b) rate of force and time
(c) change of momentum
(d) rate of change of mass.


Answer:
(c) change of momentum

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Question 3.

Newton’s III law is applicable:

(a) for a body is at rest
(b) for a body in motion
(c) both (a) & (b)
(d) only for bodies with equal masses


Answer:
(b) for a body in motion

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Question 4.

Plotting a graph for momentum on the X-axis and time on Y-axis. Slope of momentum – time graph gives _____

(a) Impulsive force
(b) Acceleration
(c) Force
(d) Rate of force.

Answer:
(c) Force

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Question 5.

In which of the following sport the turning effect of force is used?

(a) swimming
(b) tennis
(c) cycling
(d) hockey

Answer:
(c) cycling

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Question 6.

The unit of ‘g’ is ms-2. It can be also expressed as:

(a) cm s-2
(b) N kg-1
(c) N m2kg-1
(d) cm2s-2

Answer:

(a) cm s-2

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Question 7.

One kilogram force equals to _____ .

(a) 9.8 dyne
(b) 9.8 × 104 N
(c) 98 × 104 dyne
(d) 980 dyne.

Answer:

(c) 98 × 104 dyne

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Question 8.

The mass of a body is measured on planet Earth as M kg. When it is taken to a planet of radius half that of the Earth then its value will be ….. kg.

(a) 4 M
(b) 2 M
(c) M/4
(d) M

Answer:

(c) M/4

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Question 9.

If the Earth shrinks to 50% of its real radius its mass remaining the same, the weight of a body on the Earth will:

(a) decrease by 50%
(b) increase by 50%
(c) decrease by 25%
(d) increase by 300%

Answer:

(c) decrease by 25%

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Question 10.

To project the rockets which of the following principle(s) is / (are) required?

(a) Newton’s third law of motion
(b) Newton’s law of gravitation
(c) law of conservation of linear momentum
(d) both a and c.

Answer:

(d) both a and c.

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II. Fill in the blanks

  1. To produce a displacement …….. is required.
  2. Passengers lean forward when the sudden brake is applied in a moving vehicle. This can be explained by ……….
  3. By convention, the clockwise moments are taken as ……… and the anticlockwise moments are taken as ……….
  4. …….. is used to change the speed of the car.
  5.  A man of mass 100 kg has a weight of …….. at the surface of the Earth.

Answer:

  1. force
  2. inertia
  3. negative, positive
  4. Accelerator
  5. Weight = m × g = 100 × 9.8 = 980 N

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III. State whether the following statements are true or false. Correct the statement if it is false.

  1. The linear momentum of a system of particles is always conserved.
  2. Apparent weight of a person is always equal to his actual weight.
  3. Weight of a body is greater at the equator and less at the polar region.
  4. Turning a nut with a spanner having a short handle is so easy than one with a long handle.
  5. There is no gravity in the orbiting space station around the Earth. So the astronauts feel weightlessness.

Answer:

  1. True
  2. False – Apparent weight of a person is not always equal to his actual weight.
  3. False – Weight of a body is minimum at the equator. It is maximum at the poles.
  4. False – Turning a nut with a spanner having a longer handle is so easy than one with a short handle.
  5. False – Astronauts are falling freely around the earth due to their huge orbital velocity.

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IV. Match the following.




Answer : 

A.  (ii)
B.  (iii)
C.  (iv)
D.   (i)

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V. Assertion and Reasoning.

Mark the correct choice as:

(a) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both the assertion and the reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but the reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false, but the reason is true.

1. Assertion: The sum of the clockwise moments is equal to the sum of the anticlockwise moments.

Reason: The principle of conservation of momentum is valid if the external force on the system is zero.

2. Assertion: The value of ‘g’ decreases as height and depth increases from the surface of the Earth.

Reason: ‘g’ depends on the mass of the object and the Earth.
Answer:
1. (b)
2. (c)

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